Abstract: This article briefly introduced PLC, the field bus characteristic and the application; In detail briefed the railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery electricity control system present situation and the system request; Take the new stable vehicle electricity control system design as an example, proposes one kind based on PPC, PLC and the field bus railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery electricity control system design proposal.
Key word: Railroad, large-scale road maintenance machinery, PLC, field bus, INTERBUS, control system.
1 introduction
The programmable logical controller (PLC - Programmable Logic Controller), is called the programmable controller, it is take the microprocessor as the foundation, synthesized one new industry control device which the computer technology, the communication technology and the automatic control technological development comes. It is published to the 20th century 60's, still preserved the exuberant development momentum to the present. It has the volume young, the function rich, the disposition nimble, the adaption adverse circumstance, the anti-jamming strong, the reliability high, the programming is convenient, merit and so on price small advantage, widely uses in the electric power, the machinery, the metallurgy, the chemical industry, lightly spins and so on in each commercial run automatic control. It not only may substitute for traditional the black-white control system, but also may constitute the complex process control network.

The field bus technology is the 1980s later period develops, it is in a present automation domain hot spot, is the new generation of control system development direction, it synthesized the digital communication technology, the computer technology, the automatic control technology, the network technology and the intelligent measuring appliance and so on the many kinds of technical method, fundamentally broke through the tradition "point-to-point" the type simulated signal or the numeral - simulated signal control limitation, constitutes one kind of entire disperser, the entire digitized, the multi- variables, the multi- pitch points correspondence and the control system. The field bus is connects the scene intelligence equipment and the automation control device digital, the two-way transmission, the multi- branched structure correspondence network, its foundation is the digital intelligence scene installment. Disperses in each scene digital intelligence scene installment through the field bus company is a body, and constitutes the field bus control system together with the control room in controller and the monitoring device (FCS - Fieldbus Control System).

The field bus technology is in fact uses the serial data transmission sdt and the connection way replaces traditional the parallel signalling and the connection way method, it has realized the control level and between the field bus equipment level data transmission in turn, simultaneously realizes the information reliability and openness in the guarantee transmission timely situation. The general field bus has following several characteristics: (1) the wiring is simple; (2) openness; (3) timeliness; (4) reliability; (5) highly effective diagnosis; (6) the hardware is nimble.

At present, on the international various field bus has very many kinds, the unification international standard not yet establishes. Has including which a stronger strength and affects: FF (Foundation Fieldbus foundation field bus), HART (Highway Addressable Remote Transducer), CAN (Controller Area Network controller local area network), Profibus (Process Field Bus process field bus), INTERBUS, LonWorks (Local Operating Network partial operation network), WorldFIP, MODBus, DeviceNet, ControlNet, ASi (Actuator Sensor Interface execution sensor connection) and so on.

Based on the PPC industry computer, PLC and the field bus electricity control system in the industrial automation domain, like the metallurgy, the electric power, petrified, the mine, the cement, the water treatment, the dairy product drink, the beer canned, the tobacco processing, the machinery assembly, the product packing and so on obtained the widespread application, but does not have the widespread application in the railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery electricity control system. This article according to the railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery control system the characteristic, proposes one kind based on the PPC industry computer, PLC and the INTERBUS field bus railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery electricity control system design proposal.

2 present situations
The road maintenance mechanization is realizes the railroad service to maintain the modernization, to guarantee the railroad uninterrupted transportation and the traffic safety important technical method. In order to adapt the railroad to be fast, the heavy load as well as the track structure heavy technological development request, the developed country railroad uses the large-scale road maintenance machinery to carry on the railroad line maintenance one after another, to on century the end of 80's, has basically formed take the large-scale road maintenance machinery as the main work method pattern. But this time, our country also in the dependence manual, the small machinery and the non- standard self-made equipment carries on the line maintenance badly, the work quality, the efficiency low, specially in the busy skeleton line, the line maintenance and the operation contradiction is especially prominent.

On the century 80's initial period, our country has introduced the advanced large-scale road maintenance machinery manufacture technology from the Austrian Pu 拉塞 - ceramic 依尔 company, has established the large-scale road maintenance machinery development adopts "the technical introduction - digestion, the absorption - domestic product production - development, the innovation" the way. Through more than 20 years introduction technology and the domestic product production, we have studied the overseas large-scale road maintenance machinery advanced technology, renewed the traditional design idea, has opened up the development mentality, strengthened the development to have the independent intellectual property rights product the ability.

Surmounts the type development and market competition intensifying along with the railroad, speeds up the advancement large-scale road maintenance machinery introduction, the digestion, the absorption overseas advanced technology advancement, speeds up has the independent intellectual property rights product the research and development, sped up the new product development speed, the development core technology, the innovation and surmounting already becomes the present stage work heavy center to be heavy, already brooked no delay.

The railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery is the collection machinery, the hydraulic pressure, air operated, technology and so on the electricity, computer, laser to a body railroad special-purpose machinery. Has the series below according to the function minute: The clear sieve machine, the roller, match is cut by broken glass the vehicle, the stable vehicle, the rail takes 磨车, the rail crack detection taxi, the track examination vehicle, the wire laying vehicle, welds the axle vehicle, the rail switch shop trades the unit and so on. Said regarding the different function railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery electricity control system that, its essential difference lies in the work supervisory control system. So far, the our country clear sieve machine, the roller, match is cut by broken glass railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery the and so on the vehicle, stable vehicle technology mainly is in the introduction, the digestion absorbs the Austrian Pu 拉塞 - ceramic 依尔 company railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery technology in the foundation to develop, it belongs simulates the central control system, it mainly is composed by the below subsystem:
(1) entire vehicle power source subsystem;
(2) diesel engine supervisory control subsystem;
(3) high speed walks the line of supervisory control subsystem;
(4) work supervisory control subsystem;
(5) supporting facility subsystem: Including the illumination, the telephone conversation, warms up and the air conditioning and so on.

Work supervisory control subsystem is each kind of railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery electricity control system core, it completes the work organization condition the surveillance, completes the work organization movement the control. The different function railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery, its work supervisory control system complex degree has the very big difference. If the clear sieve machine and matches is cut by broken glass the vehicle, its work supervisory control system quite is simple. But the roller, the stable vehicle, the rail take 磨车, the rail crack detection taxi, the track examination vehicle, the wire laying vehicle and so on, their work supervisory control subsystem quite is complex. Under makes an introduction take the stable vehicle work supervisory control subsystem as the example, it is composed by the below part:
(1) computer control section: By on position machine control panel, the keyboard, the monitor constitute;
(2) procedure control section: Microcomputer system constitution which by the lower position machine control panel, the I/O board, the power output board is composed;
(3) simulates the quantity control department: Transfers 换板, D/A by A/D transfers 换板, the frequency measurement board, each kind of function simulation control panel constitution;
(4) surveys the part: By is left, right copies the even sensor, the acceleration instrument, inspires constitution and so on frequency sensor;
(5) parameters of the trajectory recording part: After recording instrument, front, electronic pendulum, 正矢 sensor, survey turn and so on constitution.

Pu 拉塞 - ceramic 依尔 company's simulation central control system characteristic as follows:
(1) various subsystems surveillance partial all uses the simulation measuring appliance either the digital display scope or the instruction and the newspaper warning light;
(2) the function complex type work supervisory control subsystem control section all uses inserts installs the type analogous circuit board and by inserts installs the microcomputer system which the type electric circuit board is composed;
(3) in the work supervisory control subsystem each I/O signal wiring way is "the terminal (switch, sensor/solenoid valve, relay) - the work master control cabinet" or "the terminal part (switch, sensor/solenoid valve, relay) - the middle transition box - multicore cable - work master control cabinet" traditional wiring way (like chart 1);
(4) the parameters of the trajectory recording system is an independent system, does not have the communication and the data exchange with the microcomputer and the computer system.

Chart 1: Traditional wiring way

Below the Pu 拉塞 - ceramic 依尔 company's simulation central control system has the insufficiency:
(1) monitors the measuring appliance, the instruction and the newspaper warning light installs the position to be dispersible; The simulation measuring appliance signal only serves as the demonstration but not to enter the process control;
(2) inserts installs the type electric circuit board the vibration-proof performance, the anti- impact performance, the dustproof performance is not good; The analogous circuit board adjustment (for example school "0", demarcates) completes by many potentiometers, quite is complex; In the control system uses the simulation quantity to transmit and the control signal carries on the transformation, the transmission, its precision difference, is affected in a big way the unwanted signal, thus the entire control system control effect and the system stability are all worse;
(3) the common control pattern causes the work master control cabinet volume to be bigger; The I/O signal tradition wiring way, enable in the work master control cabinet to have the massive tie cable, causes the break point and the contact increases increases the breakdown spot, causes the overhaul and the maintenance changes complex.

3 systems requests
Insufficiency enumerates which in view of above, it is necessary to design one kind of new electricity control system below, it should satisfy requests.

3. 1 basic request

The new large-scale road maintenance machinery electricity control system should have the unification the demonstration, instructed and reports to the police, has the process control function; Has a higher reliability and the stability, has the better vibration-proof performance, the anti- impact performance, the dustproof performance, can undergo high temperature, the humidity environment.
3.2 specific requests

The new railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery electricity control system mainly aims at the diesel engine supervisory control subsystem, high speed walks the line of supervisory control subsystem, the work supervisory control subsystem carries on the redesign, but regarding the entire vehicle power source subsystem and the supporting facility subsystem, they all is the point-to-point simple control, does not make the redesign. Under in detail introduces these three subsystems each kind of input output signal.

3.2.1 diesel engines supervisory control subsystem

3.2.1.1 diesel engines surveillance part

Inputs the DI signal: Flowing tubing head pressure switching signal, cylinder cover temperature (water temperature) switching signal, air filter switching signal, continuous current dynamo electricity generation condition switching signal and so on;
Inputs the AI signal: Tachometer generator signal, flowing tubing head pressure sensor signal, cylinder cover temperature (water temperature) sensor signal, storage battery voltage signal, diesel oil oil level sensor signal and so on;
Outputs the DO signal: Preheating pilot signal and so on;

3.2.1.2 diesel engines control section

Inputs the DI signal: 怠� the position induction switching signal, high speed walks the good position induction switching signal, the work position induction switching signal and so on.
Outputs the DO signal: Accelerator motor-driven signal and so on;

3.2.2 high speed walks the line of supervisory control subsystem (static hydraulic transmission pattern)

3.2.2.1 high speed walks the line of surveillance part

Inputs the DI signal: Various axes hang, escape keep off the induction switching signal and so on;
Inputs the AI signal: Speed - course sensor signal and so on;

3.2.2.2 high speed walks the line of control section

Inputs the DI signal: Hangs keeps off the switching signal, the spot moves hangs keeps off the switching signal, to front, walks the good switching signal to after, walks the good handle position signal and so on.
Inputs the AI signal: Walks the good handle potentiometer signal and so on.
Outputs the DO signal: To front, to the after valve driving signal, hangs keeps off the valve driving signal and so on.
Outputs the AO signal: Walks the line to pump the proportion valve driving signal and so on.

3.2.3 works supervisory control subsystem (take new stable Che asli)

Inputs the DI signal: Each kind of switch, limit switch, induction switching signal altogether 125;
Inputs the AI signal: Left, right copies the even sensor signal, after first, the electron suspends the signal, 正矢 the sensor signal, a survey turn of signal, the acceleration instrument signal, inspires frequency sensor signal altogether 7;
Outputs the DO signal: Each kind of switch solenoid valve driving signal altogether 82;
Outputs the AO signal: Proportion solenoid valve driving signal altogether 4.

4 system designs
4.1 INTERBUS field bus synopsis
The INTERBUS field bus promoted in 1984, its main technical development for Germany's Phoenix Contact Corporation. The INTERBUS field bus uses the extremely unique lump frame transmission agreement, the effective data output rate reaches as high as 52%, has the formidable breakdown diagnosis function; Long uses the twisted pair line non- repeater transmitting range to amount to 12.8 kilometers; The single master station may connect most reaches 255 from the station; Scans 8,192 I/O time only is 7.8 milliseconds (500Kbps). As a result of this main line fast development and the widespread use, INTERBUS has successively become the standard field bus which the DIN19258 Germany standard, the EN50254 Europe standard, the IEC61158 field bus international standard and Chinese mechanical industry standard JB/T 10308.8 stipulated. INTERBUS has more than 1,000 main lines equipment producer in the whole world, provides reaches 2,500 kind of products. So far, the INTERBUS field bus breaks through 7500000 in the world each place pitch point installment, is in each kind of field bus second.

Today, took the field bus, PC-Based, the industry ethernet technology forerunner, Phoenix took the lead to propose the Fieldbus+Ethernet this new automation plan, the structure perfect industrial enterprise has managed the control network.

The INTERBUS main line including the long-distance main line network and the local main line network, two kind of networks transmissions same signal but the level is different. The long-distance main line network uses in the long-distance range data transfer, uses the RS-485 transmission, the long-distance network selects the entire duplex method to carry on the communication, the communication speed is 500kb/s. The local main line network connects in the long-distance network, in network main line terminal BT (BUSTerminal) on BK module is responsible the long-distance network data conversion for the local network data. On the INTERBUS main line main equipment has main line terminal BT (BUSTerminal) on BK module, the I/O module and installs in PC or PLC on and so on in the position main equipment main line control panel. The main line control panel is on the INTERBUS main line main equipment, uses in to realize agreement control, wrong diagnosis, configuration function and so on memory. The I/O module realization in main line control panel and the sensor/execution between receive and the data transmission, the data type which may process including the machine manufacture and flow industry all standard signals.

The INTERBUS main application in the automobile, the papermaking, the tobacco, printing, stores in a storehouse, profession and so on ships, food, metallurgy, lumber, spinning and weaving, chemical industry. The Europe automobile industry 80% automobile body factory and the welding shop, use the INTERBUS system the control plan. In the Shanghai populace's handkerchief sutter production line, steam populace's Audi on the A6 production line, the red tower group Yuxi cigarette factory new production line, comprehensively used INTERBUS to make the control plan.

4.2 system network architecture

According to the railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery control system characteristic, based on the PPC industry control computer, PLC and the field bus INTERBUS railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery controls the electric appliance system system system network architecture like chart 2 to show, it divides into two: Monitoring level and scene control level.

4.2.1 monitorings levels

The monitoring level by high speed ethernet Ethernet, the PPC industry control computer, TP touches the screen monitor as well as the connection is composed on the PPC printer. Below the monitoring level mainly completes the function:
(1) in diesel engine supervisory control subsystem diesel engine rotational speed, flowing tubing head pressure, cylinder cover temperature (water temperature), storage battery voltage, diesel oil oil level demonstration; The low flowing tubing head pressure, the high cylinder cover temperature (water temperature), the air filter stops up the condition, the continuous current dynamo electricity generation condition reports to the police the instruction; Preheating instruction; 怠� the position, high speed walks the good position, the work position instruction and so on.
(2) high speed walks the line of supervisory control subsystem (static hydraulic transmission pattern) center the speed - course, various axes hang, escape keep off the condition the demonstration; Hangs keeps off the switch, the spot moves hangs keeps off the switch, to front, walks the good switch to after, walks the good handle potentiometer, walks the good handle position demonstration and so on.
(3) work supervisory control subsystem (take new stable Che asli) center each kind of switch, work organization each kind of limit switch, induction switch condition demonstration; Left, right copies the even sensor signal, after first, the electron suspends the signal, 正矢 the sensor signal, the acceleration instrument signal, inspires the frequency sensor signal, the work speed demonstration.
(4) system parameter establishment.
(5) system failure diagnosis.
(6) parameters of the trajectory recording and printout.
4.2.2 scenes controls level

The scene control level by the master station (the PLC controller, main line branch module, local I/O), the field bus, from stands (main line pale pinkish purple BK, long-distance I/O) and the scene equipment four parts is composed. The master station installment to 作业�?in, from the quantity which stands according to the actual need decides, it distributes in the chassis different position. Below the scene control level mainly completes the function: (1) each kind of input signal gathering; (2) each kind of control signal output; (3) each kind of signal processing; (4) and monitoring level communication.

Chart 2: Based on PPC, PLC and INTERBUS railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery control system

4.3 systems hardware disposition

This system is Corporation's automated product disposition becomes based on Phoenix the Contact. Main disposition as follows:
PPC industry computer: PPC 5,115
TP touches the screen monitor: TP 15T
PLC controller: ILC 370 ETH 2TX-IB, brings 2 ethernets ports, 1 RS232 port.
Main line branch module: IBS IL 24 RB-T-PAC
Main line pale pinkish purple BK: IBS IL 24 BK-T/U-PAC
Each kind of Inline I/O module: IB IL 24 DI 16-NPN-PAC, IB IL 24 DI 2-NPN-PAC, IB IL 24 DI 32/HD-NPN-PAC, IB IL 24 DI 4-PAC, IB IL 24 DO 2-2A-PAC, IB IL 24 DO 2-NPN-PAC, IB IL 24 DO 32/HD-NPN-PAC, IB IL 24 DO 4-PAC, IB IL 24 DO 8-NPN-PAC, IB IL 24 TEMP 2 RTD-PAC, IB IL AI 2/SF-PAC, IB IL AO 2/U/BP-PAC, IB IL CNT-PAC and so on.

4.4 system softwares disposition

System software disposition including Windows NT operating system, IBS OPC SERVER, Diag+ breakdown diagnosis software, parameters of the trajectory record and printing procedure, on position machine monitoring software Visu+, lower position machine programming software PC WORX 5.

4.4.1 on positions machine monitorings software

This system uses Visu+ to take on position monitoring software. Regarding the process configuration, all Phoenix Contact Corporation's HMI equipment uses formidable configuration software Visu+, it except complete SCADA function (for example: The operation and the monitoring, the tendency chart, report to the police the information and so on) beside, meanwhile provides such as: The data acquisition, the record, the formula management, the database connection, the enterprise resources plan system (ERP) connects and so on. The Visu+ software development connection design clear, the operation direct-viewing, all configurations picture element can be relaxed clicks through the mouse or tows entrains the realization.

4.4.2 IBS OPC SERVER software

OPC is suitable for the visible standard movement stage connection. Through INTERBUS the OPC server, this connection may use in the INTERBUS master station and PC the WORX programming control system, the PC connection and inserts in the type solution. Through this way, may simply with use the OPC customer end visible software to connect, like Genesis 32, Visu+ and so on

4.4.3 Diag+ breakdown diagnosis software

INTERBUS has provided the operation comfortable comprehensive diagnosis function, and the Diag+ software tool completely supports these functions. Through Diag+, may realize simple and the comprehensive diagnosis, also may realize the basic INTERBUS function. Diag+ may take the independent diagnostic tool operates, also may take the ActiveX module the INTERBUS diagnosis integration in the equipment and in system visible software. The graph design causes the diagnosis merit to prefer to use the low resolution to demonstrate, therefore also is suitable for small grasps the diagnostic instrumentation. These diagnoses may through the INTERBUS master station in free connection (ethernet, V.24 and ISA/PCI main line) completes. Thus, through a INTERBUS master station, may from any position to in the control system network each control system realization diagnosis. This meant the INTERBUS system the diagnosis changes simpler and is general.

4.4.4 lower positions machine programming software disposition

This system uses PC WORX 5 to take lower position machine programming software. Lower position machine programming software PC WORX 5 has provided a modernization development kit for the control system. When PC WORX 5 connects the field bus on the control system, it not only provided has conformed to the IEC 61131-3 standard and the IEC 61131-5 standard convenience programming tool, but also might facilitate carries on the INTERBUS configuration. PC WORX 5 also includes to the INTERBUS simple diagnosis.

4.4.5 parameterses of the trajectory record and printing procedure

The parameters of the trajectory record and the printing procedure is for realizes a specific routine which in the railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery electricity control system the traditional recording instrument function develops. It may realize the parameters of the trajectory record, the inquiry, the analysis and the printing.
5 concluding remark

In now the science and technology swift and violent development time, each kind of new technical, the new product, the new control idea unceasingly emerges. The railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery product electricity control system design mentality also should follow the technical development the step, uses in the new design idea and the present world the quite advanced control technology.

In the past, the main line already had the successful application in the railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery electricity control system. If the complete set uses the RS-485 industry main line control system on the CEM 100 wire layings vehicles which the Pu 拉塞 - ceramic 依尔 company produces; Hits in the CMG-16 rail switch 磨车 on uses by the RS-485 industry main line primarily, unifies the Profibus-DP field bus the control system; Trades on the unit uses by "wireless launcher + wireless receiver + CANBUS main line +PLC" "pair of many" in the CPH rail switch shop the control system; By "PLC+ local I/O" composition procedure control system, also uses on the D0832 roller, passes through more than half year of experiments, obtains successfully.

Now, the industry computer technology, the PLC technology, the field bus technology, the network technology have obtained the enormous development and the widespread application. This article proposes based on the PPC industry computer, PLC and the INTERBUS field bus railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery electricity control system, it integrated the diesel engine supervisory control, high speed walked the line of supervisory control, the work supervisory control and so on, it has realized the centralism surveillance, centralism processing, the disperser control, on the railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery was one kind of new design and the attempt. It applies on the work operating mode worst stable vehicle, comprehensively will examine the system each target: The reliability, the stability, the anti- impact performance, undergo high temperature, the humidity ability, specially anti- frequency vibration ability. If this set of control system obtains successfully on new stable vehicle application, then, its design idea and the method the comprehensive promoted use then become on the railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery possibly; It took one kind is completely different with the Pu 拉塞 - ceramic 依尔 company railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery product electricity control system design idea and the method, will become has independent intellectual property rights new product development from now on the new pattern and the direction.

Reference
Yuan Renguang Programmable foreword controller application technology and example [ M ] Guangzhou: South China technical University publishing house, 2001.
Positive constitution benefit Field bus technology and its application [ M ] Beijing: Qinghua University publishing house, 1999.
Author synopsis: Qiu Xuefei the male Han Nationality in 1976 2 moonrises lived 宣威 person engineer to be engaged in the railroad large-scale road maintenance machinery product electrical system to design for five years.
Address: The Kunming official crosses in the area gold Mazhen 384th Kunming the iron large-scale road maintenance machinery group limited company zip code: 650,215
Telephone: 0871-3920888 revolution 7110915925202983