1 small hydroelectric power station computer supervisory system design

1.1 small hydroelectric power stations computers monitoring pattern and system disposition

According to the hydroelectric power station computer supervisory system in function and its with the conventional control relations, the hydroelectric power station computer monitoring pattern may divide into the following several kinds:

Take conventional control primarily, computer monitoring as auxiliary monitoring pattern;

Take computer monitoring primarily, conventional control as auxiliary monitoring pattern;

Entire computer monitoring pattern.

The early computer control technology is not mature, the computer monitoring is unstable, is unreliable, the monitoring pattern usually uses by the conventional control primarily, computer monitoring for auxiliary monitoring pattern. Under this monitoring pattern, the usual computer monitoring has not certainly displayed its function, thus, take conventional control primarily, computer monitoring as auxiliary monitoring pattern, in fact also in not true significance computer monitoring. Along with computer control technology day by day mature, the computer monitors the stability and the reliability greatly enhance, take the conventional control primarily, the computer monitoring has at present been basic as the auxiliary monitoring pattern does not use. Entire computer monitoring pattern system request quite high, invests in a big way, but take the computer monitoring primarily, the convention control device relative says as the auxiliary monitoring pattern, the system request is not high, the investment are less. Small hydroelectric power station equipment quite simple, production process sole, plays the role in the electrical power system relative weaker and the status relative is lower, the withdrawal movement is not big to the electrical power system influence. Therefore, the small hydroelectric power station computer monitoring uses by the computer monitoring primarily, the convention control device is suitable for the auxiliary monitoring pattern comparison.

According to hydroelectric power station in electrical power system important or not, the system disposition has the redundant system disposition and the odd series series disposition, the redundant system is relatively complex, invests in a big way. The small hydroelectric power station affects in the electrical power system is not very important, simultaneously equipment quite simple, the production process is unitary, therefore, the small hydroelectric power station uses the odd series series disposition then.

1.2 supervisory systems structure and network architecture

The computer supervisory system structure on roughly divides into the central computer supervisory system structure and the distributed computer supervisory system structure. The central computer supervisory system structure is a computer completely undertakes the entire power plant monitoring duty, the system reliability and the use factor relies on a computer, the reliability is bad. The early hydroelectric power station computer supervisory system because the computer price was higher at that time, usually all used this kind of supervisory system structure. At present, along with the computer control device price drop, is big, the medium hydroelectric power station generally all does not use this kind of supervisory system structure. The small hydroelectric power station affects relative weaker and the status in the electrical power system relative lower, equipment quite simple, the production process is unitary, simultaneously considered factor and so on investment, the small hydroelectric power station uses this kind of supervisory system structure or to be allowed to consider, but reliable important duty some. The distributed computer supervisory system structure divides into the lamination distributed computer supervisory system structure and the entire distributed computer supervisory system structure. The entire distributed computer supervisory system structure distributes the system database each computer in the pitch point, causes some pitch point the breakdown to reduce to lowly to the overall system influence, the reliability is high, simultaneously has good may the expansion, is the present computer supervisory system structure development direction. But system relatively complex, the investment is also big. Regarding equipment quite simple, the production process is unitary, the request investment wants the few small hydroelectric power stations to say, obviously is not the best choice. The lamination distributed computer supervisory system structure is does not involve every the entire systematic archery target function arrangement in the first floor realization, has accelerated the controlled process realization, reduces the control center the burden, reduced the massive intelligence transmission. When the partial functions have the breakdown knock off, does not interfere with the system other parts of functions normal work, has the quite high reliability, simultaneously may adapt is controlled the production process the change and the expansion, has the certain flexibility. Therefore, the synthesis considered the reliability, the flexibility and the investment want to be few and so on the factor, uses the lamination distributed computer supervisory system structure to be supposed first choice of for the small hydroelectric power station computer supervisory system structure.

The exchange of information is the computer supervisory system crucial question, the field bus structure, the agreement standardization higher, may expand the nature to be strong. But star type structure simple, is easy to realize, quite is simple regarding the equipment, the production process sole small hydroelectric power station said also is the good choice. Thus, said regarding the small hydroelectric power station, may according to the actual need disposition.

1.3 supervisory systems function assignment and realization

The host controls the level for the power plant real-time monitoring center, is responsible for the entire factory automation function, the history data processing as well as the entire factory man-machine dialogue and so on. Its function assignment and the realization are: (1) Entire factory production process movement parameter gathering, processing; (2) The entire factory production process safe surveillance and real-time reports to the police; (3) Main equipment running status surveillance and host equipment production process distant place control; (4) Movement diary, electricity energy, breakdown number of times, operation number of times statistics and report form; (5) Main equipment parameter establishment and revision; (6) System failure on-line diagnosis; (7) With higher authority department correspondence and information exchange.

The location control level institute is responsible, this unit production process real-time data gathering and pretreatment, condition surveillance, adjustment and control, operation as well as with on position machine correspondence and so on. Function assignment and realization: (1) This unit production process real-time data gathering and pretreatment; (2) Carries on through the location man-machine connection to this unit production process adjusts and the control, the operation; (3) Carries on the record to this unit production process historical event; (4) From diagnosis and from restoration; (5) With on position machine correspondence severance when independently reports to the police; (6) With excitation installment, velometer, microcomputer protective device by computer correspondence connection way exchange information; (7) Gathers the data and the information transmission give the position machine, simultaneously accepts on the position machine order.

2 concluding remark

Small hydroelectric power station equipment quite simple, production process sole, relative is lower in the electrical power system status and so on the characteristic, has decided the small hydroelectric power station computer supervisory system not impossible picture big power plant such disposition. Thus, when carries on the small hydroelectric power station computer supervisory system the design, should synthesize factor and so on reliability, flexibility, 先进�?and investment scale, performs according to the small hydroelectric power station own status and the characteristic to consider, in order to chooses suits the small hydroelectric power station the computer supervisory system.