> Abstract: This article introduced the
frequency conversion velometer some derivation product ---- frequency
conversion heats up the power source on thick oil well oil pumping
system application.
Key word: The thick oil heats up the power source
collection skin effect
In our country petroleum mining, the thick oil well proportion
occupies the quite major part, this kind of well crude oil viscosity
high, the solidification point high, the density big, contains the wax
quantity to be high, mines with difficulty. At present the
domestic and foreign mining this kind of oil well most widespread
effect best extraction craft technology is the thick oil hotly picks.
Uses the spatial core bar electric heating craft technology,
causes the thick oil to change thinly, may realize thick oil smooth
mining.
The before spatial core bar heated up the technology, used the
labor frequency to heat up, because load for single-phase, needed to
have an independent transformer, became the three-phase input the
single-phase output, created the three-phase electrical network not to
be balanced, power factor low, the electrical energy consumed in a
big way, was big to the electrical network pollution, heats up the
effect not to be obvious, creates the electrical energy the enormous
waste. Therefore, needs advanced to discuss one kind to heat up
the way, enhances the effect, the enhancement heats up the effect.
After experiments in every way, uses the maturer frequency
conversion technology which we already grasped, provide one kind of
power source for should the heat installation, this was the
intermediate frequency which our company and the oil field researched
and developed together heats up the power source. This equipment
may provide 250 - 1000HZ the frequency, realized the output voltage,
the electric current has continuously been possible to move, achieved
the output continuously might move the goal, enhanced has heated up
the effect, at present in the victory oil field, in the Liaohe River
oil field application hundred, very much has gained the oil field oil
production worker's popularity.
First, the frequency conversion heats up the power source the
basic principle:
1st, collection skin effect principle: In heats up in the
theory, some collection skin effect principle, namely:
S=K (1/FC) 1/2
In the formula: S - collection skin effect depth
K - correction coefficient
FC - frequency
From this may see, when FC increases, S changes
slightly, then the collection skin deeply goes past the depth,
simultaneously its alternating-current impedance
Z = KZC (FC) 1/2
Also changes in a big way, therefore in under the same
value electric current role, the load obtains the energy is also
higher, but the electric current and the line loss correspondingly
also can change slightly, thus enhanced has heated up the efficiency,
meanwhile might play saves the electrical energy the goal. The
frequency conversion heats up the power source is precisely makes
based on this principle, the use frequency conversion technology, may
move the frequency to enhance to the labor frequency several fold,
heats up the effect to be able obviously to enhance.
2nd, the entire machine functional block diagram like chart as
soon as shows.
First the 380V/50HZ three phase a c after the
rectification, the filter becomes the direct current, turns the
single-phase electricity after the contravariant electric circuit
which the frequency continuously may move, after again passes through
the intermediate frequency transformer isolation, transports to heats
up the electric cable to heat up to the oil layer.
Its host power component uses is Germany siemens's third
generation high efficiency component IGBT, controls the component is a
monolithic integrated circuit, is 8 industries special-purpose
microprocessors AT89C51, it has the very strong environment
auto-adapted ability and the antijamming ability, the work reliable,
the life is long and so on the merit.
Second, the frequency conversion heats up the power source the
characteristic:
1st, has used the advanced phase shifting control technology and
软起?the technology, causes the work to be more reliable.
2nd, the man-machine dialogue demonstration contact surface, the
passable keyboard choice demonstration operating frequency and the
electric current, the output pulse occupies empties compared to, the
electricity changes compared to and so on, and may demonstrate the
malfunction and the reason, cause the demonstration direct-viewing, is
easier to operate. The demonstration and the host control the
board altogether to use a line board, the arrangement compact, avoided
in the signalling process disturbance, the work has been stabler.
3rd, the output unit uses the ring-like intermediate frequency
transformer, uses in to isolate the input, the output voltage,
simultaneously passes through the electric capacity group and the
control cabinet outputs connects, plays separates the straight role,
prevented because 直流偏磁 or 过励?produces the magnetic
saturation, simultaneously may get up the series resonance function.
Intermediate frequency transformer for crystalless titanium
material, magnetic permeability high, operating frequency high, own
energy loss is extremely low, entire machine efficiency enhancement.
If the frequency enhances again, its volume may do slightly, the
working efficiency is higher.
4th, the protection function is complete.
Established has flowed, short-circuits, machine in 温升 Gao
Jiguo, has owed presses the protection, the function completely, the
work was more reliable, has avoided the damage which created as a
result of each kind of not normal factor.
Third, application effect.
We picked the oil refinery, the Liaohe River oil field dawn
south the victory oil field shore pick the oil refinery and so on
several thick oil wells distributions in the region on hundred wells
to utilize this technology, through the scene adjustment, the union
heated up the electric cable and the power, generally transferred to
the frequency about 500HZ, enhanced 10 times compared to the labor
frequency, according to the power regulation electric current, general
75KW about 80A, 90KW about 100A, it heated up the effect to be
extremely obvious, heated up compared with the labor frequency:
(1) the power factor distinct enhancement, the original labor
frequency heats up, power factor approximately about 0, 7, but heats
up with the frequency conversion, after test all above 0.95.
(2) reduced to the electrical network pollution. The
original labor frequency heats up, must three-phase change the two
phase, creates the transformer input three phase voltage serious not
to be balanced, is serious to the electrical network pollution.
After application frequency changer, the power factor enhances,
the harmonic content obviously reduced, reduced to the electrical
network pollution.
(3) heats up the effect to be obvious. According to the
collection skin effect, after the frequency enhancement, the energy
enhancement which the load obtained, the line loss also corresponding
reduction thus enhances has heated up the effect. According to
the test, the frequency conversion heats up may heat up for 1 - 2
hours compared to the labor frequency to achieve ahead of time wants
to decide the effect, moreover the temperature also must be high.
(4) protects the function to be complete. Original labor
frequency cabinet because of non- monolithic integrated circuit
control, its protection merit energy balance, often because the load
short-circuits, shuts and the voltage is unstable, creates the
transformer to burn down, the work is unstable. But the
frequency conversion cabinet as a result of the monolithic integrated
circuit control, its protection function was complete, has avoided
because the electrical network and the load breakdown caused question,
guarantee system stable movement.
(5) conserves energy the effect to be obvious. According
to the test, each frequency conversion cabinet compared to the
corresponding labor frequency cabinet electricity saving all about
20%, powerful saved the electrical energy, enhanced the working
efficiency, has guaranteed the heating system effect.
In brief, the frequency conversion heats up is a revolution
which the thick oil hotly picks, our country thick oil resources is
quite rich, we promote this technology, is may make the certain
contribution for our country extraction enterprise.
Directs from "Petroleum Machinery" 2003.7 issues
Reference
1st, the Li Switzerland comes Han Wenzhao "To have Fast
Short-circuits Protection 1140V90KW Intermediate frequency Power
source"
Xi'an "Power source Technology Application" 2002.5
2nd, Han Wenzhao the Li Switzerland comes Cheng Xudong
"1140V To dive Oil Electric pump Special-purpose Frequency changer"
Beijing "Electrical Transmission" 2002.3
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