> The vehicle which states in this article carries
in the terminal, carries the vehicles parameter of movement as well as
the state variable using the vehicle which the terminal may process,
takes to from exterior gain information issue opportunity criterion.
These parameters usually all are refer to following several
kinds:
1. GPS installment provides position coordinates, speed,
direction and time;
2. GPRS installment provides command information, text
information and 基站 serial number and so on;
3. vehicles installments provide the parameter, for instance the
engine speed, changes parameter and so on light switch position,
battery switch condition and arresting gear input and output
condition;
4. other may carry the terminal with the vehicle in the
parameter input 端子 接驳 vehicle to install the output.
Information service function concrete instruction format as
follows:
1. assigns to trigger the condition is selects the suitable
parameter and the value according to the information prompt
opportunity decides;
2. assigns the operation equipment usually all is in the vehicle
the special-purpose speaker, also may be the acousto-optic display;
3. assigns the operation content usually all is a section of
texts characters string or the flag bit;
4. assigns the operation time usually all is carries out
immediately.
The public information service instruction which triggers
according to the position condition usually uses in the transportation
state of roads information service. This kind of information
service instruction representative configuration as follows:
Xs, Ys, Rs, Hxy, Fxy, V, "front the street intersection
counterclockwise will enter supports stops up the road section", T
In this state of roads information service instruction,
the information main body will be "front the street intersection
counterclockwise enters supports stops up the road section", this
information main body broadcast opportunity decided by two parameters:
1. positions coordinates Xs, Ys as well as coordinates scope Rs;
2. direction variables Hxy as well as direction scope Fxy;
This information service instruction form content determined
which according to the command system rule as follows:
1. assigns to trigger the condition is somewhere in the road
surface coordinates position (Xs, Ys), as well as coordinates range of
validity Rs, the attachment triggers the condition is goes direction
Hxy and its range of validity Fxy took second triggers the condition.
When two conditions simultaneously satisfy, this figure 令才
may trigger;
2. by V assigns to operate the equipment is the vehicle carries
the terminal the speaker and the computer draws up the sound
installment;
3. information main bodies will be a section of computers texts
information, the content are "front the street intersection
counterclockwise enter support stop up the road section";
4. the operation time which (T=0) assigns by T is carries out
immediately.
The vehicle carries the terminal through the public motion
communication system, future from the vehicles outside system center
stand, will have the broadcast opportunity definition in advance
(namely by Xs, Ys, Rs, Hxy, fxy determined position condition) the
public broadcast information (namely "front street intersection
counterclockwise will enter supports stops up road section") to
receive the automobile interior and the memory. Then uses the
vehicles state variable again which its can process (vehicles position
coordinates Xr, Yr, as well as vehicles travel direction Hxy), the
judgement instruction assigns whether the broadcast condition does
satisfy, decided whether this information service instruction by the
pronunciation form (namely by V determination) did issue immediately
(namely determines by T). This may realize in the information
service "which to have nothing to do with the information exempts the
disturbance the individuality stage of perfection with me". But
these temporarily have nothing to do with the information has not
certainly carried in the terminal from the vehicle to vanish, but is
defers to attribute and so on region or time is dormant in the vehicle
carries the terminal in the memory block. When the vehicles
arrive correlation region or the agreement time arrival, the vehicle
carries in terminal equipment and so on GPS may find out by secret
inquiry the opportunity the change, but finally the information which
is dormant in the appropriate opportunity assigns out.
Carries in the terminal in the vehicle, each information
corresponds a information service instruction, all vehicles carry the
terminal all when receives and is saving the similar instruction from
the central stand, the central stand issue public information, may
assign all vehicles to carry the terminal is the gaining unit, also
may assign to have the special attribute user only then to be allowed
to receive. For instance, the system may unblock the information
achievement to have the position attribute (namely triggers condition)
the information service instruction, "the laying aside" supports in
the service area cover stops up the road section the commercial
honeycomb migration communication system 基站 on, or is its
peripheral is neighboring 基站 on. When loads the vehicle to
carry the terminal the vehicles to enter these service zone times, the
vehicle carries the terminal to be allowed the sensation 基站 serial
number change, but 基站 also may trigger the initiative
communication movement according to the user location register lr
value renewal, caused just to enter this service area the vehicle to
carry the terminal to meet receives these instructions, but did not
have the good fortune these 基站 vehicles not to be able to receive.
After these instructions are received, in which contains the
information also needs to wait for the instruction triggers the
condition to satisfy can broadcast.
Such information service has three merits:
1. conforms to the prompt opportunity information only then to
be able to broadcast in the speaker;
2. deposits in the vehicle carries in the terminal the
information not to be able to lose in its term of validity, may in
wilfully frequently peruse pulls and reads or triggers;
Under 3. reduced systems sends the information the quantity,
thus reduced the system movement cost.
The information service class instruction basic characteristic
lies in, this kind of instruction finally carries out the result
always to start to broadcast the pronunciation information to the
pilot the operation. According to this kind of characteristic,
the information service class instruction may have the many kinds of
applications:
1. presses the road traffic state of roads information broadcast
service instruction which the position coordinates and the travel
direction triggers: This is carries the information service
instruction in the vehicle which in the terminal the batch existence
moreover frequently renews;
2. presses the road traffic symbol prompt instruction which the
many kinds of parameters triggers: Regarding the traffic signal
prompt, usually may use the position coordinates + travel direction
the combination condition to determine the prompt opportunity, but in
order to avoid in view of the big freight vehicle traffic signal
prompt for the driving personal small vehicles pilot, therefore may
aim at the traffic signal the concrete content determination prompt
opportunity. May use in to prompt following road traffic to
symbolize and to use in to trigger the instruction the prompt
condition:
Position coordinates + travel direction:
Position coordinates + travel direction + vehicles type:
Moving velocity + region:
Changes the light switch + position coordinates:
Battery switch switch + region:
The time interval + vehicle type (contains logical non-
operator):
3 presses the highway overspeed prompt instruction which the
location area or the coordinates and the moving velocity triggers:
Under each kind of weather condition by highway management
structure real-time issue highway regulating instruction;
Information and so on 4. weather forecasts prompt: The
vehicle carries terminal every day many times fixed time receiving
system center issue information and so on transportation weather
forecast, saves Yu Chezai in the terminal. This kind of type
information service instruction triggers the condition is the button
operation. When needs these information, will only have to press
the button then in advance to save Yu Chezai in the terminal
information and so on weather forecast broadcasts;
5. prompts freight vehicles pilot avoids the vehicles ultra
高卡bridge;
6. personal business assistants: The pilot may own assign
some for triggers the condition according to the position coordinates
as well as the region attribute the individuality information service
instruction, and saves Yu Chezai in advance in the terminal. For
instance the prompt passes through nearby some street intersection
when completes some concrete business on the way and so on.
Information gathering and the information service work process
is in fact "I is everybody, everybody for me" performance. When
information gathering, a vehicles vehicle carries the information
which the terminal returns is not worthy of mentioning, but the entire
user community's information compiles, the process center stand
computer system reorganization analysis, then collects the forming
state of roads information to issue again carries the terminal for the
vehicles user's vehicle. The information finally is broadcast in
the suitable opportunity, its form and the existing pronunciation
navigation form is completely accommodating.
3. vehicles navigation function:
Nowadays the popular vehicles navigation uses the vehicle to
carry in the terminal to dispose the electronic map, DVD reads the
plate machine, the liquid crystal display monitor technical plan.
In electronic map contains the city navigation the master data,
needs by the electronic map developer support, the electronic map
promotion to need to purchase the DVD compact disc. Although
uses the vehicle to carry the electronic map the way to be allowed to
carry on the independent vehicles navigation, but the navigation
application still had strictly to rely on the electronic map
developer. Because has electronic map factor and so on developer
action cycle and commercial operation, the electronic map promotion
inevitably has in the time the detention. On international
requests electronic map the promotion cycle is 3 months, but China at
present can achieve is 12 months. The electronic map data
frequent promotion indicated that, the pilot must unceasingly continue
to purchase the new compact disc, in order to avoids into the obsolete
data the sacrificial victim.
This article states the vehicle carries the terminal, its
navigation application belongs to the central decision. The
navigation center needs to provide the electronic map, but carries in
the terminal in the vehicle not to need the necessary electronic map.
The pilot may through the telephone or the motion short note way
to the navigation center application navigation service, so long as
submits the initial sending and the destination to the navigation
center which goes on a journey, the navigation center may from the
absolute information superiority status, complete the following work
for this pilot:
1. calculated in under the electronic map support reaches three
to choose in advance the route, each route all attaches when this
route entire journey transportation which figures out according to the
same day and the historical recording gauge is long;
2. will choose in advance the route to issue the vehicle which
the pilot will be at to carry the terminal;
3. pilots after designated some chooses in advance the route
achievement to prearrange the navigation route, the navigation center
transmission integrity guidepost sequence carries the terminal to the
vehicle.
The vehicles navigation function is a compound function.
Each navigation route all is by a information service command
sequences constitution. In does the sequence each information
service instruction on quite to a guidepost, how it assign the
operation content is prompts the pilot to drive downward a guidepost
text information, it triggers the condition is the position
coordinates and the travel direction.
Had demonstrated a navigation guidepost sequence the shape which
displays in on the system center electronic map. The pilot
embarks from the first guidepost place, in first, third and the
seventh guidepost place hears to the prompt curve pronunciation
information, and hears in other guideposts place to 直行 voice
prompt. This navigation guidepost sequence in with the
navigation route trend which decides completely tallies on the
electronic map position distribution. When these as guidepost
information service instruction carries in the terminal when the
vehicle to press the order triggers, also expressed the vehicles are
pressing the navigation route travel which decides. The
navigation basic realization form is after artificially draws up the
pronunciation information by the text information which the sound chip
transforms. In fact uses in the nowadays in the vehicles
navigation way has this kind of pronunciation navigation the form, its
effect is self-evident.
In order to reduce the pilot because of to have doubts but the
error navigation opportunity possibility, this navigation way besides
triggers the voice prompt information, but also may simultaneously
trigger the JPG picture demonstration or the picture animation, in
order to the pilot demonstrated the belt approves the note the scene
picture. These pictures may from the central stand receive
navigation route guidepost when one and downloading, and in
distinction attached Yu several complex road sections guideposts.
This central decision navigation way has following several
merits:
1. adaptions national security need, avoids involving the high
accuracy electron map in policy forbidden area;
2. high accuracy city electron map distributions in navigation
center stand, but on the vehicles cannot because does not have the
electronic map, or the electron accuracy of map lowers affects the
application effect;
3. has triggered the instruction may use for to the low accuracy
electronic map to carry on the path match, the correction or makes up
the map to demonstrate on the contact surface displays error;
4. triggers the navigation street intersection the JPG scene
picture or the animation demonstrated that, may cause not to install
the electronic map the vehicle to carry the terminal to achieve or to
approach the existing navigation technology satellite the effect;
5. only must carry on about the city master data renewal or the
promotion in the system center then, cannot have the data expired
influence to the user service;
6. navigation do not need the necessary electronic map, has
omitted DVD and the vehicle carries the computation ability which the
terminal route computation needs, may reduce the vehicle to carry the
terminal the hardware cost.
4. does not stop the charge:
Nowadays does not stop the charge basically uses all is based on
the non- contact radio frequency card technology. Installs the
radio frequency card on the vehicles, stands the roadside
establishment in the charge to read the card installment. Reads
the card installment to read the card electron wave beam to the
process vehicles launch. The radio frequency card in contains
the specific information under the wave beam drive, only then can
launch the response wave beam, reads the card installment to the
roadside to report own status, thus causes to read the card
installment and the radio frequency card all confirms a time of charge
process.
Except for this, this kind does not stop the charge technology
also to request the construction based on the radio frequency card
banking system, in order to completes the essential financial activity
for charge both sides in view of this radio frequency card.
Constructs when the national scope this kind of electron does
not stop the charge system, needs to establish the unified wave beam
frequency, this must carry on the national scope the electromagnetic
field test. The test goal is must remove the radio background
noise to the system work wave beam disturbance.
This article states the vehicle to carry the terminal not to
stop the charge function is based on information gathering and the
information service type instruction compound function. In
entire does not stop in the charge operating process below, it
involves the organization coordination:
1. vehicles carry the terminal - among them to set at in the
information to contain the electronic number plate, is determines the
charge tariff scale and the determination vehicles status basis.
When the vehicles approach with stands through the charge, the
vehicle carries the terminal to inform the pilot and to the path
charge accounts settlement center transmission charge confirmation
information;
Around 2. charges stands - stands in the charge establishes the
vehicles license plate photography installment, photographs the
vehicles the expense evidence which stands after the charge.
Hereafter the charge stands the computer system carries on
processing to the photography picture, withdraws car license number,
with the photography time information together, transmits to the path
charge accounts settlement center;
3. motion communications system - the service area which stands
in the cover charge 基站 or approaches 基站 on establishes this
charge station set of instructions downloading service, and moves the
communication system the user expense to pay the system to take the
path charge system the checkout system;
The vehicles according to the vehicles which 4. paths charges
accounts settlement center - which sends out the charge confirmation
information and the charge station writes up through when stays behind
the car license number and the time information, complete from the
vehicle carries the terminal the GPRS user account to the charge
station account account transfer procedure.
Take the open style charge station pattern as the example,
entire does not stop the charge operation is by following three
instructions combination, completes matches from the vehicle type
tariff to delimits the process which the account settles accounts:
1.1 information services class instruction: The
instruction triggers the condition is the position coordinates +
travel direction, the information content the name and the charge
amount which collects fees for the prompt front stands. Charge
amount numeral is acts according to this vehicle vehicle type by the
system center, sends in front of this instruction in under beforehand
to estimate for this vehicle;
2.1 information services class instruction: The
instruction triggers the condition is the position coordinates +
travel direction, the information content is approaches the charge
stands when the core prompts the charge soon to carry on;
3.1 information gathering class instruction: This vehicle
charge has stood when the core to the charge accounts settlement
center transmission charge approval, the instruction triggered the
condition is the position coordinates + travel direction, the
information content for this vehicle then position coordinates, the
travel direction, this vehicle electron number plate and passes the
time;
First two information service class instruction may
合二为一. This instruction combination may when the vehicles
enter which the service area cover charge to stand the public motion
communication system 基站 or it approach 基站, by these 基站
transmission for the vehicle carries the terminal. In this
process, the vehicles enter specificly 基站, initiates the vehicle
to carry the terminal the communication terminal in on the motion
communication system position ownership register change, triggers the
system to screen the user attribute, thus acts according to it the
vehicle type transmission which registers in the system center to
include the suitable charge amount the information service instruction
to carry the terminal for this vehicle.
Carries the terminal and the honeycomb migration communication
system realization using the vehicle does not stop the charge plan,
compares with the radio frequency card plan, this kind of technical
plan merit truly extremely prominent:
1. not radio backgrounds disturbances are tired, there is no
place not in the commercial motion communication system may directly
use;
2. has not distributed the sole use the radio frequency card to
be tired, the electronic number plate uses the GPRS number, used the
vehicle to carry the terminal the existing resources;
3. does not need unique for the charge system establishment
based on the radio frequency card charge system, may use the
ready-made motion communication system user to pay expenses the system
plan, the independence constructs set of charges systems or directly
borrows the motion communication system the charge system;
4. does not need the road surface construction, does not need
other outfield equipment, only must construct the vehicles number
plate recognition system;
5. 过站 vehicle speeds nearly do not receive limit, the
vehicle speed upper limit is decided by the vehicles number plate
photography installment;
6. third parties fair charges, the tariff management public is
transparent, easy networking inquiry;
5. parking lots guidances:
Nowadays carries on the parking lot guidance to the vehicles the
plan all uses the roadside invariable information sign technology.
Parking lot guidance including parking lot information gathering
and parking lot entrance guidance, but parking lot berth management by
access place personnel when vehicles difference parking lot makes the
statistics to the berth to obtain, the entrance guidance uses in the
roadside sets up the index plate the way.
In carries the terminal using the vehicle in the way, parking
lot berth information gathering and the guidance all may pass through
the public motion communication system automatically to complete, does
not need in the roadside establishment invariable information sign.
When vehicles approach or arrive the destination, and after the
central application nearby parking lot service, may carry a terminal
navigation route by central stand downloading to the vehicle, this
navigation route may to have the vehicles guidance the idle berth the
parking lot entrance. When this vehicle enters the underground
parking garage, can first enter covers the service area which the
parking lot entrance the motion communication system 基站 releases
directly for stands. The system may according to the above the
measurement enter the garage the quantity. The same principle
may measure the vehicles which enters the stage.
The vehicles enter 基站 the underground child area, although
the GPS antenna is covered by the ground, but the vehicles in the
underground travel process, the GPRS equipment can unceasingly cut
基站 the sub- area service, this phenomenon 权当 coordinates
change. The central stand although loses this vehicle the GPS
coordinates, but the vehicle carried the terminal still exists after
GPRS and the central stand relation. If the parking lot in the
central stand registration, the center understood this parking lot the
motion communication system 基站 the sub- area serial number, moves
the communication system the user to belong to the location register
lr (VLR) about this Che Chezai the terminal GPRS position renewal,
still was allowed to make the central stand to understand which
parking lot this vehicle now is located, this cart yard set up a file
the total berth quantity was how many, and knew this cart yard has now
parked how much vehicles, therefore the central stand very easy to
calculate this parking lot the idle berth.
This process does not need the parking lot personnel to
participation, may complete the parking lot information gathering.
Thus, when a user seeks when the destination stops the berth,
the central stand always may rapidly for the user downloading guidance
route, the guidance user arrive the recent parking lot.
Has completed the above parking lot information gathering and
the guidance, the parking lot automatic charge does not stop through
the model the charge settlement plan, the central stand may achieve
stops the time charge automation.
6. safe assistances driving:
In the intelligence transportation system concept, the security
assists driving the content not only very much, moreover very is also
complex. Only take maintains the vehicle spacing system as the
example front, this set of system needs to dispose the supersonic
range measuring system 头端.
This 头端 carries the terminal to the vehicle the output
parameter for this vehicle front of a train with the front object
relative distance, the vehicle carries the terminal the output for the
voice prompt information: "Front the attention the vehicle
spacing", the vehicle carries in the terminal to suppose a flag bit.
The vehicle carries in the terminal to calculate the current
vehicle speed with the front spacing is whether appropriate, and may
simply use two coefficients, summarizes under the free vehicle speed
the security to be away from and the safety brake distance. When
the computation security distance is bigger than the range finder
头端 output, this flag bit is set at effectively, this time triggers
a information service class instruction front, broadcasts states the
pronunciation information. When the computation safety brake
distance is bigger than the range finder 头端 output, the vehicle
carries the terminal to take over control the vehicles braking control
immediately, line start vehicles ABS brake system implementation
vehicles emergency brake.
This function like is the design, but fully shares the vehicle
to carry the terminal the software and hardware resources, saves the
equipment investment.
System movement economic analysis
Because this kind of vehicle carries the terminal the
function to be many, this article length also has limits, therefore
only take applies most information gathering instruction in this as
the example, judges this system in the information gathering aspect
communication cost.
An information gathering returns to the frame to have following
several parts:
1. triggers the time
2. trigger the instruction the serial number
3. triggers when vehicles speed
4. triggers when vehicles travel direction
5. this vehicle vehicle type code
Above the content returns to the frame total word
length 20 bytes computations, in the urban district information
gathering 点密?according to 2/each kilometer, moves the
communication system to cost the tariff according to the current
capacity is 0.03 Yuan /KB, each kind of vehicles every day travel
course and the expense situation may determine by the next table:
Private vehicle official business turns out rents a car
Goes every day the course 50 kilometers 200 kilometer
800 kilometers
Returns to frame several 100 400 1,600 every day
Every day 通讯?1.96KB 7.81KB 31.25KB
Daily communication expense 0.0586 Yuan 0.2344 Yuan
0.9375 Yuan
30 days expenses 1.75 Yuan 7.03 Yuan 28.15 Yuan
Because the information gathering instruction has the
expense is the system movement must price, therefore weighs this
technical system movement cost with each vehicle information gathering
instruction operating cost or to be allowed to play has the
representative role. On the table result indicated that, a
vehicles information gathering cost is a commercial transportation
information system definitely may withstand. At the same time,
this expense also should the fuel oil tax which pays with the vehicles
have the direct ratio.
Conclusion
To the vehicle carries the terminal to take the many
kinds of intelligences transportation system function the realization
carrier, has the construction and the operation expense low, the
construction speed quick, cover area big (namely commercial motion
communication system service area), the function is comprehensive and
so on the prominent merit, was up to now only can achieve the like
this application degree the intelligence transportation system plan,
also was up to now only has the so inexpensive cost the construction
and the movement maintenance cost system plan. The function
instructional structure causes the vehicle to carry the terminal the
function to have nearly infinite may the expansion. Moreover
this kind of system takes the public motion communication system the
intelligence transportation system the road system, on the one hand
caused the system the range of service expansion and the commercial
motion communication system range of service is same, has avoided the
huge outfield equipment construction; On the other hand the
system function and the motion communication system close is connected
to mobile subscriber's management function, thus has the reciprocal
benefit mutual benefit pattern.
Japan's VICS system was in the present world the only
large-scale practical intelligence transportation system, Japan
domestic invested the massive financial resource for this, the system
construction and the development has also had been through repeatedly
ten years process, has constructed the massive reserved roads system
in the national scope. After the VICS center is traffic jam,
driving which provides the Japanese police department and the highway
control section needs information edition processing and so on time,
traffic accident, vehicle speed the prompt transmission gives
transportation 参与? specially in automobile navigation Che
Chezai in terminal by writing, graphical display transportation
information. At present the VICS system also merely is a
transportation information service system, Japan does not stop the
charge system or to have to defer to the radio frequency card the
principle to carry on alone constructs.
This article states the intelligence transportation system which
with it the vehicle carries the terminal as well as which matches the
system center constitutes, compares with the VICS system, has the
incomparable superiority, is China surpasses the world advanced level
in the intelligence transportation system domain an opportunity.
States the principle establishment based on this article the
intelligence transportation system, achieved is not certainly
difficult with the Japanese VICS system same service level, but has
the challenge duty is, completely to the vehicle carries in the
terminal primarily intelligence transportation system in this kind,
the system center software system because may automatically gain the
massive transportation state of roads information, thus also requests
the system center to be able automatic reduction these information,
and the faction gives birth the massive different categories as
necessary the information, guides all vehicles pilot reasonably uses
the path resources in the existing road resources and in the
transportation expense demand situation.
Believed unceasingly deepens along with the field and the
society to this kind of intelligence transportation system technology
understanding, this kind of pattern intelligence transportation system
first will start in the future several years to appear on China, will
eradicate the development difficult problem for our city
transportation to make the contribution.
|
