>1. System design explanation
The oil field automation information system construction
mainly includes the oil well long-distance monitoring, the
distribution line automated system, the oil line revelation monitor,
the collection loses the station storehouse automation monitoring and
so on four parts, its goal uses the scene supervisory system, realizes
data source automatic gathering, with the aid of the oil field
existing network resources autoloading to the factory level real-time
database, applies for all levels of control section provides the
opening the data platform, causes the production and the
administrative personnel promptly controls and grasps the production
performance, thus realizes the entire production process automation;
And may to the real-time data which obtains carry on the
statistics, the analysis, the optimization, thus for the guarantee
production equipment noramal work, reduces the production cost to
provide the important basis. Under we carry on the elaboration
on the oil well long-distance supervisory system.
1.1. Present situation summary
Each place respectively picks the oil refinery varying
degree to carry on the oil well monitoring experiment site work, at
present participation merchant quantity quite many, the level is
irregular, each factory all is doing the experiment site work, also
has the individual factory to start the scale promotion. Also
exposes very many questions, mainly displays in the oil well scene
equipment reliability badly, maintainability bad, cannot withstand the
oil well scene bad working conditions (including high temperature, low
temperature, is moist and sand dust). Data openness is
insufficient, often is each factory is mutually incompatible, the
software data cannot share, presents a each one automated isolated
island.
The national several ten thousand oil wells, already used the
oil well monitoring the oil well not to be able to surpass 10,000,
insufficient total 10%.
1.2. Design thought
Goal:
The oil well long-distance supervisory system mainly will be
through to the well head parameter real-time examination, uses the
wheel to inquire - the reply mailing address, will examine the oil
well condition, will transmit through the wireless way for picks the
oil refinery real-time database server, and by C/S or B/the S pattern,
will enable the production management each department promptly to
grasp the oil well active status, will reduce the oil well breakdown
process time, will enhance when the well rate, the increase crude oil
output, will enhance the working efficiency. Moreover, the oil
well well head controller has the electric quantity computation
function, may be the 6kV power circuit power distribution automated
system provides the foundation estimated data.
Principle:
The automated project must defer to "the unified plan, the
unification standard, the unification database" the principle
construction, the system plan must whole consideration question and so
on network communication, systematic security, guarantee the real-time
database standard is open, enable the overall system to have the
extremely high reliability and the usability.
The system design follows "the usability, the reliability,
先进� is easy to maintain" the basic principle, take facilitates
the operation, the reliable movement as the implementation basic;
The plan design both bases to being actual, is advantageous for
the implementation, and will focus to the future, will remain for the
development has the leeway. The technical plan generally uses
develops and the improvement new technology, the new equipment, the
new system in recent years, its all hardware and software should pass
through produces the scene test, has 先进�and the reliability
after the confirmation.
The entire oil field automated system picks the oil refinery on
the local area network according to the region characteristic in each
to suppose a real-time data biography to control the center (including
communication processor, real-time database server, applies server),
uses in the centralized management and deposits each extraction
factory to govern in the region 生产� the 6KV distribution line,
the union station, the oil line scene real-time data, achieves
principle which the real-time database opens.
 Plan explanation that,
The well head controller gathers parameter and so on oil well
dynamometer card, electric quantity, back pressure, temperature,
passes on the broadcasting station after the CDMA/GPRS net or the
number, passes on the broadcasting station connection by the CDMA/GPRS
special line way or the number (RS232) to turn on picks the oil
refinery liaison aircraft, the real-time database server, the
factories and mines squad's computer may use the browser or the
customer end way carries on the visit to the real-time database.
The well head controller changed formerly only picks the
voltage, the electric current 有效�pattern, but was the real-time
gathering computation electrical machinery electric quantity
parameter, might provide the data for the distribution line automated
system which needed.
The 6kV distribution line distant place terminal, picks the oil
refinery liaison aircraft, the real-time database, the power
distribution SCADA application server, the workstation and so on, uses
the CDMA/GPRS net, the composition distribution line automated system,
realizes to the distribution line movement condition real-time
monitoring and the management.
The collection loses the station storehouse automated system and
the oil line divulges the examination system is a relatively
independent system, the biography picks after the local area network
in the system gathering production data the oil refinery real-time
database, realizes on-line data sharing.
Through the B/S pattern, may cause the superintendent to glance
over and to inquire the entire factory real-time data, promptly finds
out the scene production situation. Also may carry on the
statistics, the analysis through the C/S pattern to the production
data.
In order to guarantee the system the clock uniformity, the
system provides the special-purpose GPS clock, uses in the
synchronized entire network system clock, including fixed time and
each FTU, SU distant place to when.
In the system the liaison aircraft, the real-time database
server, and so on the important pitch point use the hot spare
disposition using the server, maintains the main engine and the
preparing machine between data uniformity, enables the host, preparing
machine to be allowed when the breakdown may cut the movement as
necessary.
The data central uses the double net redundancy disposition,
also isolates with the oil field local area network, when 主网
appears the breakdown, prepares the net to be possible to cut as
necessary for 主网 the movement.
The network security design, uses technical and the method
guarantee network and the information and so on firewall, data
encryption, network isolation, user jurisdiction management security.
User jurisdiction supervisory work including system user
information bank management, user registration, user rank
establishment, user jurisdiction establishment and so on main content.
At present in the entire oil field network scope has established
the viral preventing and controlling system, therefore this system
virus preventing and controlling according to oil field unified
standard execution.
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